These parameters define the substance being burned, the type of fire (smoldering or flaming), and the sign illumination type for Smoke Visibility simulations:
The extinction coefficient characterizes the mode of combustion:
|
Type of Combustion |
Specific Extinction Coefficient (ft2/lbm) |
|
Smoldering combustion |
21000 |
|
Flaming combustion |
37000 |
The sign visibility constant characterizes the visibility of the sign:
|
Type of Situation |
Constant |
|
Illuminated sign |
8 |
|
Reflecting sign |
3 |
|
Building components in reflected light |
3 |
The combustion particulate yield is the particulate content of the smoke based on the burning fuel. It is an important parameter for characterizing the translucency of the smoke.
|
Combustible Material |
Particulate Yield |
|
Wood (red oak) |
0.015 |
|
Wood (Douglas fir) |
0.018 |
|
Wood (hemlock) |
0.015 |
|
Fiberboard |
0.008 |
|
Wool (100%) |
0.008 |
|
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) |
0.105 |
|
Polymethylemathacrylate (PMMA; PlexiglasTM) |
0.022 |
|
Polypropylene |
0.059 |
|
Polystyrene |
0.164 |
|
Silicone |
0.065 |
|
Polyester |
0.09 |
|
Nylon |
0.075 |
|
Silicone Rubber |
0.078 |
|
Polyurethane Foam (Flexible) |
0.188 |
|
Polyurethane Foam (Rigid) |
0.118 |
|
Polystyrene Foam |
0.194 |
|
Polyethylene Foam |
0.076 |
|
Phenolic Foam |
0.002 |
|
Polyethylene (PE) |
0.06 |
|
Polyvinylchloride (PVC) |
0.172 |
|
Ethylenetetrafluoroethylene (ETFE; TefzeTM) |
0.042 |
|
Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA; TeflonTM) |
0.002 |
|
Fluorinated Polyethylene-Polypropylene (FEP; TeflonTM) |
0.003 |
|
Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE; TeflonTM) |
0.003 |