概要 - 動的言語ランタイムを使用する(.NET)

AutoCAD Managed .NET API を使用すると、.NET 4.0 で導入された動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を利用できます。

DLR を使用すると、オブジェクトに直接アクセスでき、次のようなことが必要ありません。

DLR の使用時には、オブジェクトの ObjectId を取得すると、そのオブジェクトのプロパティやメソッドに直接アクセスできます。ObjectId を取得した後は、次のデータ型の変数に ObjectId を代入できます。

ObjectId の取得方法は、オブジェクトがデータベースに保存される方法によって異なります。テーブルまたはディクショナリに格納されるオブジェクトの場合は、次のようにして ObjectId にアクセスできます。

次のサンプル コードでは、DLR でテーブルまたはディクショナリに格納されているオブジェクトにアクセスするための両方のオプションを示します。 

VB.NET
'' Item method
Dim acCurDb As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase
Dim acMSpace As Object = acCurDb.BlockTableId.Item(BlockTableRecord.ModelSpace)

'' Reference an element directly from a collection
Dim acCurDb As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase
Dim acBlkTbl As Object = acCurDb.BlockTableId
Dim acMSpace As Object = acBlkTbl(BlockTableRecord.ModelSpace)
C#
// Item method
dynamic acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;
dynamic acMSpace = acCurDb.BlockTableId.Item(BlockTableRecord.ModelSpace);

// Reference an element directly from a collection
dynamic acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;
dynamic acBlkTbl = acCurDb.BlockTableId;
dynamic acMSpace = acBlkTbl[BlockTableRecord.ModelSpace];
重要: DLR と C# を使用している場合は、Microsoft.CSharp ライブラリを参照する必要があります。

GetEnumerator メソッドを使用する

DLR で GetEnumerator メソッドを使用するときは、使い終わった列挙子オブジェクトを明示的に破棄する必要があります。次の例では、使い終わった列挙子を破棄する方法を示します。 

VB.NET
Dim acCurDb As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase
Dim acLtypeTbl As Object = acCurDb.LinetypeTableId
Dim acTblEnum As Object = acLtypeTbl.GetEnumerator()
...
acTblEnum.Dispose()
C#
dynamic acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;
var acLtypeTbl = acCurDb.LinetypeTableId;
var acTblEnum = acLtypeTbl.GetEnumerator();
...
acTblEnum.Dispose();

LINQ クエリーを使用する

DLR では、LINQ クエリーを使用して、図面内のテーブルまたはディクショナリの内容をクエリーできます。次の例では、LINQ クエリーを使用して、現在の図面で特定の状態を割り当てられている画層をクエリーする方法を示します。 

VB.NET
<CommandMethod("LINQ")> _
Public Sub LINQExample()
    Dim db As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase
    Dim doc As Object = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument

    Dim layers = db.LayerTableId
    For i As Integer = 0 To 2
        Dim newrec As Object = layers.Add(New LayerTableRecord())
        newrec.Name = "Layer" + i.ToString()

        If i = 0 Then newrec.IsFrozen = True
        If i = 1 Then newrec.IsOff = True
    Next

    Dim OffLayers = From l In CType(CTypeDynamic(layers, GetType(IEnumerable(Of Object))),  _
                              IEnumerable(Of Object))
                           Where l.IsOff
                           Select l

    doc.Editor.WriteMessage(vbLf + "Layers Turned Off:")

    For Each rec As Object In OffLayers
        doc.Editor.WriteMessage(vbLf + " - " + rec.Name)
    Next

    Dim frozenOrOffNames = From l In CType(CTypeDynamic(layers, GetType(IEnumerable(Of Object))),  _
                                     IEnumerable(Of Object))
                                  Where l.IsFrozen = True Or l.IsOff = True
                                  Select l

    doc.Editor.WriteMessage(vbLf + "Layers Frozen or Turned Off:")

    For Each rec As Object In frozenOrOffNames
        doc.Editor.WriteMessage(vbLf + " - " + rec.Name)
    Next
End Sub
C#
[CommandMethod("LINQ")]
public static void LINQExample()
{
    dynamic db = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;
    dynamic doc = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument;

    var layers = db.LayerTableId;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        var newrec = layers.Add(new LayerTableRecord());
        newrec.Name = "Layer" + i.ToString();
        if (i == 0)
            newrec.IsFrozen = true;
        if (i == 1)
            newrec.IsOff = true;
    }

    var OffLayers = from l in (IEnumerable<dynamic>)layers
                    where l.IsOff
                    select l;

    doc.Editor.WriteMessage("\nLayers Turned Off:");

    foreach (dynamic rec in OffLayers)
        doc.Editor.WriteMessage("\n - " + rec.Name);

    var frozenOrOffNames = from l in (IEnumerable<dynamic>)layers
                            where l.IsFrozen == true || l.IsOff == true
                            select l;

    doc.Editor.WriteMessage("\nLayers Frozen or Turned Off:");

    foreach (dynamic rec in frozenOrOffNames)
        doc.Editor.WriteMessage("\n - " + rec.Name);
}

サンプル コード

このページのサンプル コードは、次の名前空間を使用します。 

Autodesk.AutoCAD.Runtime
Autodesk.AutoCAD.ApplicationServices
Autodesk.AutoCAD.DatabaseServices
Autodesk.AutoCAD.Colors
Autodesk.AutoCAD.Geometry

次のサンプル コードでは、現在の空間に線分を追加する方法を、DLR を使用した場合と使用しない場合について示します。

VB.NET

<CommandMethod("ADDLINE")> _
Public Sub AddLine()
    '' Get the current database
    Dim acCurDb As Database = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase

    '' Start a transaction
    Using acTrans As Transaction = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction()
        '' Open the current space for write
        Dim acSpace As BlockTableRecord
        acSpace = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId, _
                                    OpenMode.ForWrite)

        '' Create a line that starts at 5,5 and ends at 12,3
        Using acLine As Line = New Line(New Point3d(5, 5, 0),
                                        New Point3d(12, 3, 0))

            '' Add the new object to the block table record and the transaction
            acSpace.AppendEntity(acLine)
            acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acLine, True)
        End Using

        '' Save the new object to the database
        acTrans.Commit()
    End Using
End Sub

動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を使用した VB.NET

<CommandMethod("ADDLINE")> _
Public Sub AddLine()
    '' Get the current database
    Dim acCurDb As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase

    '' Create a dynamic reference to model or paper space
    Dim acSpace As Object = acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId

    '' Create a line that starts at 5,5 and ends at 12,3
    Dim acLine As Object = New Line(New Point3d(5, 5, 0),
                                    New Point3d(12, 3, 0))

    '' Add the new object to the current space
    acSpace.AppendEntity(acLine)
End Sub

C#

[CommandMethod("ADDLINE")]
public static void AddLine()
{
    // Get the current database
    Database acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;

    // Start a transaction
    using (Transaction acTrans = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction())
    {
        // Open the Block table for read
        BlockTable acBlkTbl;
        acBlkTbl = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.BlockTableId,
                                     OpenMode.ForRead) as BlockTable;

        // Open the Block table record Model space for write
        BlockTableRecord acBlkTblRec;
        acBlkTblRec = acTrans.GetObject(acBlkTbl[BlockTableRecord.ModelSpace],
                                        OpenMode.ForWrite) as BlockTableRecord;

        // Create a line that starts at 5,5 and ends at 12,3
        using (Line acLine = new Line(new Point3d(5, 5, 0),
                                      new Point3d(12, 3, 0)))
        {
            // Add the new object to the block table record and the transaction
            acBlkTblRec.AppendEntity(acLine);
            acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acLine, true);
        }

        // Save the new object to the database
        acTrans.Commit();
    }
}

動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を使用した C#

[CommandMethod("ADDLINE")]
public static void AddLine()
{
    // Get the current database
    dynamic acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;

    // Create a dynamic reference to model or paper space
    dynamic acSpace = acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId;

    // Create a line that starts at 5,5 and ends at 12,3
    dynamic acLine = new Line(new Point3d(5, 5, 0),
                              new Point3d(12, 3, 0));

    // Add the new object to the current space
    acSpace.AppendEntity(acLine);
}

次のサンプル コードでは、現在のデータベースに画層を追加する方法を、DLR を使用した場合と使用しない場合について示します。

VB.NET

<CommandMethod("ADDLAYER")> _
Public Sub AddLayer()
    '' Get the current database
    Dim acCurDb As Database = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase

    '' Start a transaction
    Using acTrans As Transaction = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction()
        '' Returns the layer table for the current database
        Dim acLyrTbl As LayerTable
        acLyrTbl = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.LayerTableId, OpenMode.ForRead)

        '' Check to see if MyLayer exists in the Layer table
        If Not acLyrTbl.Has("MyLayer") Then
            '' Open the Layer Table for write
            acLyrTbl.UpgradeOpen()

            '' Create a new layer named "MyLayer"
            Using acLyrTblRec As LayerTableRecord = New LayerTableRecord()
                acLyrTblRec.Name = "MyLayer"

                '' Assign the ACI color 3 to the new layer
                Dim acClr As Color = Color.FromColorIndex(ColorMethod.ByAci, 3)
                acLyrTblRec.Color = acClr

                '' Add the new layer table record to the layer table and the transaction
                acLyrTbl.Add(acLyrTblRec)
                acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acLyrTblRec, True)
            End Using

            '' Commit the changes
            acTrans.Commit()
        End If

        '' Dispose of the transaction
    End Using
End Sub

動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を使用した VB.NET

<CommandMethod("ADDLAYER")> _
Public Sub AddLayer()
    '' Get the current database
    Dim acCurDb As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase

    Dim acLyrTbl As Object = acCurDb.LayerTableId

    '' Check to see if MyLayer exists in the Layer table
    If Not acLyrTbl.Has("MyLayer") Then
        '' Create a new layer named "MyLayer"
        Dim acLyrTblRec As LayerTableRecord = New LayerTableRecord()
        acLyrTblRec.Name = "MyLayer"

        '' Assign the ACI color 3 to the new layer
        Dim acClr As Color = Color.FromColorIndex(ColorMethod.ByAci, 3)
        acLyrTblRec.Color = acClr

        '' Add the new layer table record to the layer table
        acLyrTbl.Add(acLyrTblRec)
    End If
End Sub

C#

[CommandMethod("ADDLAYER")]
public static void AddLayer()
{
    // Get the current database
    Database acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;

    using (Transaction acTrans = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction())
    {
        // Returns the layer table for the current database
        LayerTable acLyrTbl;
        acLyrTbl = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.LayerTableId,
                                     OpenMode.ForRead) as LayerTable;

        // Check to see if MyLayer exists in the Layer table
        if (acLyrTbl.Has("MyLayer") != true)
        {
            // Open the Layer Table for write
            acLyrTbl.UpgradeOpen();

            // Create a new layer named "MyLayer"
            using (LayerTableRecord acLyrTblRec = new LayerTableRecord())
            {
                acLyrTblRec.Name = "MyLayer";

                // Assign the ACI color 3 to the new layer
                Color acClr = Color.FromColorIndex(ColorMethod.ByAci, 3);
                acLyrTblRec.Color = acClr;

                // Add the new layer table record to the layer table and the transaction
                acLyrTbl.Add(acLyrTblRec);
                acTrans.AddNewlyCreatedDBObject(acLyrTblRec, true);
            }

            // Commit the changes
            acTrans.Commit();
        }

        // Dispose of the transaction
    }
}

動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を使用した C#

[CommandMethod("ADDLAYER")]
public static void AddLayer()
{
    // Get the current database
    dynamic acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;

    dynamic acLyrTbl = acCurDb.LayerTableId;

    // Check to see if MyLayer exists in the Layer table
    if (acLyrTbl.Has("MyLayer") != true)
    {
        // Create a new layer named "MyLayer"
        dynamic acLyrTblRec = new LayerTableRecord();
        acLyrTblRec.Name = "MyLayer";

        // Assign the ACI color 3 to the new layer
        dynamic acClr = Color.FromColorIndex(ColorMethod.ByAci, 3);
        acLyrTblRec.Color = acClr;

        // Add the new layer table record to the layer table
        acLyrTbl.Add(acLyrTblRec);
    }
}

次に、DLR を使用した場合と使用しない場合で、現在の空間内のすべてのオブジェクトを順番に処理して一覧表示する方法を示します。

VB.NET

<CommandMethod("LISTOBJECTS")> _
Public Sub ListObjects()
    '' Get the current document and database
    Dim acDoc As Document = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument
    Dim acCurDb As Database = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase

    '' Start a transaction
    Using acTrans As Transaction = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction()
        '' Open the Block table record Model space for write
        Dim acSpace As BlockTableRecord
        acSpace = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId, OpenMode.ForRead)

        '' Step through the current space
        For Each objId As ObjectId In acSpace
            '' Display the class and current layer of the object
            Dim acEnt As Entity = acTrans.GetObject(objId, OpenMode.ForRead)

            acDoc.Editor.WriteMessage(vbCrLf + "Object Class: " + acEnt.GetRXClass().Name + _
                                      vbCrLf + "Current Layer: " + acEnt.Layer + _
                                      vbCrLf)
        Next objId

        acTrans.Commit()
    End Using
End Sub

動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を使用した VB.NET

<CommandMethod("LISTOBJECTS")> _
Public Sub ListObjects()
    '' Get the current document and database
    Dim acDoc As Object = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument
    Dim acCurDb As Object = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase

    '' Create a dynamic reference to model or paper space
    Dim acSpace As Object = acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId

    '' Step through the current space
    For Each acEnt As Object In CTypeDynamic(acSpace, GetType(System.Collections.IEnumerable))
        '' Display the class and current layer of the object
        acDoc.Editor.WriteMessage(vbCrLf + "Object Class: " + acEnt.GetRXClass().Name + _
                                  vbCrLf + "Current Layer: " + acEnt.Layer + _
                                  vbCrLf)
    Next acEnt
End Sub

C#

[CommandMethod("LISTOBJECTS")]
public static void ListObjects()
{
    // Get the current document and database
    Document acDoc = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument;
    Database acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;

    using (Transaction acTrans = acCurDb.TransactionManager.StartTransaction())
    {
        // Open the Block table record Model space for write
        BlockTableRecord acSpace;
        acSpace = acTrans.GetObject(acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId,
                                    OpenMode.ForRead) as BlockTableRecord;

        // Step through the current space
        foreach (ObjectId objId in acSpace)
        {
            // Display the class and current layer of the object
            Entity acEnt = (Entity)acTrans.GetObject(objId, OpenMode.ForRead);
            acDoc.Editor.WriteMessage("\nObject Class: " + acEnt.GetRXClass().Name +
                                      "\nCurrent Layer: " + acEnt.Layer + 
                                       "\n");
        }
        acTrans.Commit();
    }
}

動的言語ランタイム(DLR)を使用した C#

[CommandMethod("LISTOBJECTS")]
public static void ListObjects()
{
    // Get the current document and database
    dynamic acDoc = Application.DocumentManager.MdiActiveDocument;
    dynamic acCurDb = HostApplicationServices.WorkingDatabase;

    // Create a dynamic reference to model or paper space
    dynamic acSpace = acCurDb.CurrentSpaceId;

    // Step through the current space
    foreach (dynamic acEnt in acSpace)
    {
        // Display the class and current layer of the object
        acDoc.Editor.WriteMessage("\nObject Class: " + acEnt.GetRXClass().Name +
                                  "\nCurrent Layer: " + acEnt.Layer +
                                  "\n");
    }
}

関連概念