In the previous lesson, you added layers to the Composite map while in Normal mode. In this mode, no blending between layers takes place: Visibility is determined solely by each layer’s alpha channel.
With the blending modes, you can produce interesting composite effects by choosing how pixels in the top layer interact with those underneath. In this lesson, you will use two blending techniques to add more layers to the composite map.
Set up the lesson:
Add dirt to the bottom of the door with Multiply blending:
3ds Max opens a file dialog.
On the file dialog, choose dirt-bottom.jpg, and then click Open.
This file shows dirt at the bottom of the door.
Bitmap used in the first blend operation
This file is a .jpg image that has no alpha channel. It completely obscures all layers beneath it.
In addition to Normal mode, which we have been using so far, there are a variety of other methods for blending layers.
The options resemble those available in such paint programs as PhotoShop and Combustion. For a description of what each blending option does, see Composite Map.
First blend operation using Multiply
This option multiplies the color value of all layers in the composite. The non-white color channels have a value of less than 1.0, so the multiplication tends to produce darker colors, a condition you will now correct.
The reduced opacity of the top layer results in a lighter overlay of grime.
Add dirt to the top of the door with Linear Burn blending:
3ds Max opens a file dialog.
On the file dialog, choose dirt-top.jpg, and then click Open.
This file shows dirt at the top of the door.
Bitmap used in the second blend operation
This file is also a .jpg image that completely obscures all layers beneath it.
Linear Burn blending combines the new dirt map with underlying layers.
Second blend operation using Linear Burn
Linear Burn combines the color of pixels in the top layer with colors from the underlying layers. The darker the Layer 5 color, the greater the effect: As a result, the default blending is too dark.
Now the dirt at the top of the door, like the dirt at the bottom, blends well with the other textures.
Add bump information to the composite:
The shutter shows good detail, but in a rendering with shadows, its corrugated surface lacks depth. You will correct this by adding bump information from the shutters.jpg map.
The effect in the preview is exaggerated.
The fully composited shutter door, rendered with bump mapping
The shutter has lost its flat look and appears more three dimensional.
Save your work:
If you like, you can open composite_completed.max and compare your work with a completed scene file of this tutorial.
Save your work:
In this tutorial, you learned how to create a composite map consisting of multiple layers of images. You used alpha channel information and a mask to control image transparency, then you used blending modes as an alternate way to specify how layers are composited.