Hardware texturing, which you can easily turn on or off, lets you see approximations of the textures, lights and objects in your scene.
What you see depends on the settings you make in the Render Settings window and per-object settings you change. What you see is not necessarily what appears in the final render, but it gives you a good idea.
MAYA_HW_FILE_TEXTURE_RESOLUTION_OVERRIDE
To see the resolution boundaries in the scene view, turn on the Resolution Gate. For more information, see Turn scene view guidelines on or off.
To see textures, lights, and objects in a view port
Use Interactive Sequence Caching Options to load file textures into memory only once for faster interactive animation (but this uses a lot of memory).