Use this section to view examples of the XML formats you can use for various superelevation attainment methods.
Standard Attainment Method Example
The following example shows the XML format you can use to calculate transition chainages for undivided, crowned carriageways using the AASHTO standard methodology:
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway">
<AttainmentStyle style="Standard"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula ="{p}*{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoRC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NStoNC" formula ="{t}*({s}-{c})/{e}">
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
This example defines an attainment method whose name is "AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Carriageway" which uses the standard adverse superelevation applied from Low channel method of attaining superelevation. This example includes a calculation for the transition distance needed for shoulder breakover removal (type="NStoNC").
Planar Transition Attainment Method Example
This example shows an undivided planar road. The carriageway is not crowned, and there is no adverse superelevation applied from low channel.
The Planar attainment method requires two formulas: one for curves that oppose the direction of the normal crossfall and one for curves that continue in the direction of the normal crossfall. The following illustration shows normalized slope superelevation, where the unsuperelevated road is tilted downward from left to right. Therefore the curve to the left requires a longer transition than the curve to the right:
In the following example, the Continuing section defines the Normal Crossfall to Full Superelevation distance runoff length {t} (derived from the transition length tables), minus the runoff length times the balanced carriageway slope {c} divided by the full superelevation rate {e}. The second formula defines the distance from Normal Crossfall to the Beginning of Curve as a percentage of {t} based on the variable {p} minus {c} divided by {e}.
The Opposing section defines the overall transition distance to be the runoff length {t}. The distance to the Beginning of Curve is a percentage of {t} based on the variable {p}, and the distance between the Normal Crossfall and Level Crown chainages is {t} * {c} / {e}.
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="Undivided Planar Roadway">
<TransitionStyle style="Planar"/>
<Continuing>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoFS" formula="{t}-{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoBC" formula="{t}*({p}-{c}/{e})"/>
</Continuing>
<Opposing>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula="{p}*{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula="{t}*{c}/{e}"/>
</Opposing>
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
Transitions Defined by Carriageway Width and Transition Rate
Not all organizations use tables that give transition length directly. The following table defines the full superelevation rate and the 
as a function of design speed and curve radius. In this situation, the value is used to derive the transition length based on the normal width of the carriageway. The Transition Length tables define the value instead of the actual transition length.
| Radius (m) | 90 km/h | 100km/h | 110km/h | 120km/h | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E% |
|
E% |
|
E% |
|
E% | n/a | |
| 7000 | NC | n/a | NC | n/a | NC | n/a | NC | n/a |
| 5000 | NC | n/a | NC | n/a | NC | n/a | 2.0 | 0.31 |
| 3000 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.0 | 0.34 | 2.0 | 0.32 | 2.0 | 0.31 |
| 2500 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.0 | 0.34 | 2.0 | 0.32 | 2.0 | 0.31 |
| 2000 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.0 | 0.34 | 2.0 | 0.32 | 2.3 | 0.32 |
| 1500 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.0 | 0.34 | 2.2 | 0.33 | 3.0 | 0.33 |
| 1400 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.0 | 0.34 | 2.4 | 0.33 | 3.2 | 0.34 |
| 1300 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.0 | 0.34 | 2.6 | 0.33 | 3.5 | 0.34 |
| 1200 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.2 | 0.35 | 2.8 | 0.34 | 3.8 | 0.35 |
| 1000 | 2.0 | 0.39 | 2.6 | 0.36 | 3.7 | 0.35 | 4.5 | 0.37 |
| 900 | 2.2 | 0.40 | 2.9 | 0.37 | 3.7 | 0.36 | 5.0 | 0.38 |
| 800 | 2.5 | 0.40 | 3.3 | 0.38 | 4.2 | 0.38 | 5.7 | 0.39 |
| 700 | 2.9 | 0.41 | 3.7 | 0.39 | 4.8 | 0.39 | 6.0 | 0.40 |
| 600 | 3.4 | 0.42 | 4.4 | 0.41 | 5.6 | 0.41 | ||
| 500 | 4.0 | 0.44 | 5.2 | 0.43 | 6.0 | 0.42 | ||
| 400 | 5.0 | 0.46 | 6.0 | 0.45 | ||||
| 300 | 6.0 | 0.48 | ||||||
The following example shows attainment methods and formulas for two types of carriageways based on the previous table. The variable {w} is the normal carriageway width from pivot point to edge-of carriage-way, defined in the Superelevation wizard.
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="Unspiraled ramp">
<TransitionStyle style="Planar"/>
<Continuing>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoFS" formula="100*{e}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoBC" formula="{p}*{e}*{w}/{t}"/>
</Continuing>
<Opposing>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="100*{e}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula="{p}*{e}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula="100*{c}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoRC" formula="100*{c}*{w}/{t}"/>
</Opposing>
</SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="Unspiraled 2 way roadway">
<TransitionStyle style="Standard"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="100*{e}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula="{p}*{e}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula="100*{c}*{w}/{t}"/>
<TransitionFormula type="LCtoRC" formula="100*{c}*{w}/{t}"/>
<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>