A water supply system has many valves of varying types and functions.
Valves in a water supply system can be classified in four main groups:
For further information on valve control see Valve Control.
The following valve construction types are available for selection in InfoWorks WS Pro:
Different valve types
InfoWorks WS Pro contains a number of built in curves for typical valves, which can be viewed by right-clicking the valve curve page in the links grid.
Valve characteristics
InfoWorks WS Pro uses the built-in curves to calculate valve minor losses related to the percentage opening of the valve, specified on the Valve Control page of the Valve property sheet.
Opening (%) | Closure (%) | Default (Plug) | Ball | Butterfly | Gate Needle | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
0 |
100 |
1e6 |
1e6 |
1e6 |
1e6 |
1e6 |
2 |
1 |
99 |
1e5 |
500000 |
400000 |
10000 |
5000 |
3 |
2 |
98 |
30000 |
180000 |
95000 |
3000 |
1500 |
4 |
3 |
97 |
11500 |
70000 |
32000 |
1200 |
575 |
5 |
5 |
95 |
4900 |
30000 |
15000 |
420 |
250 |
6 |
10 |
90 |
1740 |
13000 |
5000 |
150 |
97 |
7 |
15 |
85 |
800 |
10000 |
900 |
60 |
48 |
8 |
20 |
80 |
380 |
2250 |
400 |
35 |
25 |
9 |
25 |
75 |
190 |
600 |
190 |
19 |
18 |
10 |
30 |
70 |
103 |
235 |
102 |
10 |
13 |
11 |
35 |
65 |
58 |
120 |
60 |
6 |
10 |
12 |
40 |
60 |
34.0 |
66 |
34 |
4.6 |
8.4 |
13 |
45 |
55 |
21.0 |
40 |
20 |
3.0 |
7 |
14 |
50 |
50 |
13.3 |
22.5 |
12.5 |
2.06 |
5.7 |
15 |
55 |
45 |
9.0 |
12. |
8.0 |
1.4 |
5 |
16 |
60 |
40 |
6.3 |
8.0 |
4.65 |
0.98 |
4.35 |
17 |
65 |
35 |
4.7 |
5.0 |
2.80 |
0.6 |
4 |
18 |
70 |
30 |
3.6 |
2.9 |
1.70 |
0.44 |
3.45 |
19 |
75 |
25 |
2.8 |
1.8 |
1.2 |
0.28 |
3.2 |
20 |
80 |
20 |
2.3 |
1.01 |
0.82 |
0.17 |
2.90 |
21 |
85 |
15 |
1.9 |
0.6 |
0.65 |
0.11 |
2.75 |
22 |
90 |
10 |
1.7 |
0.41 |
0.48 |
0.06 |
2.60 |
23 |
95 |
5 |
1.6 |
0.28 |
0.37 |
0.01 |
2.45 |
24 |
100 |
0 |
1.5 |
0.20 |
0.31 |
0.0 |
2.35 |
Opening (%) | Closure (%) | Default (Plug) | Ball | Butterfly | Gate Needle | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
0 |
100 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
1E-6 |
2 |
1 |
99 |
0.003 |
0.001 |
0.002 |
0.010 |
0.014 |
3 |
2 |
98 |
0.006 |
0.002 |
0.003 |
0.018 |
0.026 |
4 |
3 |
97 |
0.009 |
0.004 |
0.006 |
0.029 |
0.042 |
5 |
5 |
95 |
0.014 |
0.006 |
0.008 |
0.049 |
0.063 |
6 |
10 |
90 |
0.024 |
0.009 |
0.014 |
0.081 |
0.101 |
7 |
15 |
85 |
0.035 |
0.010 |
0.033 |
0.128 |
0.143 |
8 |
20 |
80 |
0.051 |
0.021 |
0.050 |
0.167 |
0.196 |
9 |
25 |
75 |
0.072 |
0.041 |
0.072 |
0.224 |
0.229 |
10 |
30 |
70 |
0.098 |
0.065 |
0.099 |
0.302 |
0.267 |
11 |
35 |
65 |
0.130 |
0.091 |
0.128 |
0.378 |
0.302 |
12 |
40 |
60 |
0.169 |
0.122 |
0.169 |
0.423 |
0.326 |
13 |
45 |
55 |
0.213 |
0.156 |
0.218 |
0.500 |
0.354 |
14 |
50 |
50 |
0.264 |
0.206 |
0.272 |
0.572 |
0.386 |
15 |
55 |
45 |
0.316 |
0.277 |
0.333 |
0.645 |
0.408 |
16 |
60 |
40 |
0.370 |
0.333 |
0.421 |
0.711 |
0.432 |
17 |
65 |
35 |
0.419 |
0.408 |
0.513 |
0.791 |
0.447 |
18 |
70 |
30 |
0.466 |
0.506 |
0.609 |
0.833 |
0.474 |
19 |
75 |
25 |
0.513 |
0.598 |
0.674 |
0.884 |
0.488 |
20 |
80 |
20 |
0.550 |
0.705 |
0.741 |
0.925 |
0.506 |
21 |
85 |
15 |
0.587 |
0.791 |
0.778 |
0.949 |
0.516 |
22 |
90 |
10 |
0.609 |
0.842 |
0.822 |
0.971 |
0.527 |
23 |
95 |
5 |
0.620 |
0.884 |
0.854 |
0.995 |
0.538 |
24 |
100 |
0 |
0.632 |
0.913 |
0.874 |
1.000 |
0.546 |
The minor loss through a valve is calculated using a built-in or user-defined valve curve. The curve used depends on the construction type of the valve. These curves can be viewed in the Valve Parameters page of the Valve property sheet.
A scaling factor to be applied to the valve curve is calculated as follows:
The user specifies the Loss Coefficient for the valve when it is fully open. This value is related to the geometry of the valve and is specified by the manufacturer. (If a loss coefficient is not specified, InfoWorks WS Pro assumes a minimum value of 0.01 for the Valve Curve Loss Coefficient Multiplier).
The Valve Curve Loss Coefficient Multiplier is calculated as:
|
Where:
|
The Valve Curve Loss Coefficient Multiplier is then applied to the valve curve.
The valve minor loss is calculated as:
|
Where:
V Velocity:
where: Av nominal full open area of valve |