Symptom: All or part of the rendered image is black.
Issues and Solutions: If parts of the rendered image are black, some image files used by render appearances or decals may be missing.
See Missing Images.
If the rendered image is all black, it could be caused by the following:
To correct this situation, in the Rendering dialog, check the lighting settings. Change them to include natural light or artificial light, or both. If needed, turn on artificial lights.
To correct this situation, check the exposure settings. In the Rendering dialog, under Image, click Adjust Exposure.