Rasterization Settings

Activates/deactivates precomputed shadows on vertices and textures in the viewport and bakes shadows from the environment.

Activates/deactivates realtime environment shadows. These can be quite performance intensive, in the viewport. Click to the left of the option to access the Realtime Environment Shadows Settings for selecting the method used for calculating realtime shadows for diffuse lighting, using raytracing.

Choose from Off, Screen Space Ambient Occlusion, Raytraced Ambient Occlusion, and Raytraced Environment Shadows.

Off

Baked, SSAO, and raytraced environment shadows are all turned off and not shown in the viewport.

Realtime Environment Shadows ON	Realtime Environment Shadows OFF

Screen Space Ambient Occlusion

Activates ambient occlusion calculations using screen space unit in the viewport. This improves distant shadow detail and can make meterials look more compelling. However, this can reduce performance and requires more memory. Use the following options for changing the current SSAO settings:

• Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material - Sets whether the baked shadows should be used for the shadow material, instead of the output of the screen space ambient occlusion.

  Screen Space Ambient Occlusion with Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material OFF	Screen Space Ambient Occlusion with Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material ON

• Sample Quality - Sets the sample quality of the screen space ambient occlusion calculation.

• Radius - Sets the radius of the screen space ambient occlusion effect in scene space units. Geometry beyond this distance does not occlude the illumination.

  Important:

  Since this is a screen space effect, there are some limitations. for Example, if the radius gets too large, the effect stops working.

• Cutoff Angle - Prevents self-shadowing on a flat surface, since the depth channel is not accurate. Use a cutoff angle to avoid shadowing on surfaces with a smooth curvature. If the angle between the surface plane and vector to the sample point is less than the cutoff angle, therefore, outside of the cutoff angle, the sample will be ignored.

• Intensity - Sets the darkness of the occlusion. The greater the value, the darker the shadows.

• Blur Amount - Sets how much blur is applied to the occlusion. The higher the value, the more blur passes, resulting in a softer output, but with increased execution time.

  SSAO provides an efficient, realtime approximation of the baked ambient occlusion (AO). Although SSAO will never be as good as precomputed AO, or even baked lighting and shadows, SSAO is good for quick previews.

• Edge Preservation - Sets the edge preservation factor for the blur filter passes. It is based on the continuity of the depth of adjacent pixels.

  • A value of 0 ignores any discontinuities in the depth channel and filters everything.
  • A value of 1 only filters pixel at exactly the same depth.

Raytraced Ambient Occlusion

Only available for Vulkan, as a raytracing-compatible graphics card is required. Activates ambient occlusion calculation, also known as soft global illumination. It calculates realtime shadows in all directions using raytracing, offering more accurate realtime computation of shadowed areas for diffuse lighting, such as shadows on gaps and in corners. It makes a scene illustration more realistic, while addressing some SSAO limitations.

Currently, there are a couple limitations:

• Does not support tessellation.
• Does not support skinning; therefore, a mesh without bone transforms will be used.

Use the following options, found in the Realtime Environment Shadows Settings, for changes to the current raytraced ambient occlusion:

• Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material - Sets whether the baked shadows should be used for the shadow material, instead of the output of the raytraced ambient occlusion.

  Raytraced Ambient Occlusion with Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material OFF	Raytraced Ambient Occlusion with Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material ON

• Distance - Sets the maximum distance for the geometry to be considered as an occluder.
• Intensity - Sets the shadow intensity. The creater the value, the darker the shadows.
• Rays per Pixel - Sets the number of rays to trace per pixel.

Raytraced Environment Shadows

Only available for Vulkan, as a raytracing-compatible graphics card is required. Activates and calculates realtime shadows for diffuse lighting, considering the lighting from the environment map to create soft shadows cast by brighter spots. Use it as an alternative to SSAO.

For example, this scene is illuminated using calculations from the HDR file's environment node; it works without any other light source within the scene. All objects that are hidden in the moment of calculation are darkened.

• Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material - Sets whether the baked shadows should be used for the shadow material, instead of the output of the raytraced environment shadows.

  Raytraced Environment Shadows with Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material OFF	Raytraced Environment Shadows with Use Baked Shadows for Shadow Material ON

• Distance - Sets the maximum distance for the geometry to be considered as an occluder.

• Intensity - Sets the shadow intensity. The creater the value, the darker the shadows.

• Rays per Pixel - Sets the number of rays to trace per pixel.

Activates/deactivates shadows that move with the object casting the shadow. Use them for casting shadows on objects that move. Realtime shadows can be quite performance intensive, so we recommend using them sparingly. Realtime shadow maps work with delta, area, and object lights.

Only available in OpenGL render mode and with Realtime Light Source Shadow selected. Treats self-illuminated geometries as light source.

Only available for Vulkan, as a raytracing-compatible graphics card is required. Raytracing support in Vulkan enables the computation of realistic reflections, significantly enhancing the visual quality of your realtime scene in the viewport. This brings your scene closer to results achievable with our CPU and GPU raytracers. Click to the left to open the Raytraced Reflections dialog for setting the number of layers of transparent surfaces visible in the reflections, from front to back. Any surfaces behind the specified number will not be visible in the reflections.

Raytraced Reflections OFF	Raytraced Reflections ON

Use these Python functions for realistic reflections in Vulkan render mode:

• vrRenderSettingsService.getSettings().setUseRaytracedReflections(True)
• vrRenderSettingsService.getSettings().getUseRaytracedReflections()

Only available for Vulkan. Adds realism to glass and transmissive MDL and MaterialX materials, including surface roughness, by simulating light refraction in realtime. This feature is limited to the transparent layer closest to the camera and any additional transparent materials behind it will be ignored.

Try these Python functions in Vulkan render mode:

• vrRenderSettingsService.getSettings().setUseScreenSpaceRefractions(True)
• vrRenderSettingsService.getSettings().getUseScreenSpaceRefractions()

Activates/deactivates backface culling, which determines if a polygon should be drawn by checking if it faces away from the camera. When Backface Culling is activated, it renders only the faces with normals pointing toward the camera, optimizing performance by not drawing polygons that aren't visible.

Avoids rendering objects that are hidden by other objects, thereby improving performance by rendering only visible geometries. The render engine excludes polygons/patches hidden by other objects on rendering.

This is enabled by default; however, to disable it, uncheck this option.

Only available in OpenGL render mode. Renders the scene once, using only the depth values. It can be used for optimization with complex shaders.

Renders the scene applying one of these transparency modes: Object Sorting or Depth Peeling. In OpenGL, Object Sorting is the default. Vulkan always uses Depth Peeling. When Depth Peeling is selected, select Transparency Settings to determine the number of layers to peel.

Object Sorting

Only available for OpenGL. If you value performance more than correct results or don't have intersecting transparent objects or transparent objects that intersect themselves, choose object sorting. It enables object sorting transparency, where every object in the scene is rendered one at a time, from back to front. Self-occluding transparent geometry might not be accurately rendered.The ordering can be overridden per material, via the Sort Key option in the Material Editor > Common (tab).

Depth Peeling

If your scene has intersecting transparent objects or transparent objects that intersect themselves, use depth peeling.

Depth peeling is for order-independent transparency and per-pixel correct blending of transparent surfaces without sorting. Render images with complex intersecting transparent objects, such as a headlight, with pixel-perfect accuracy.

Without Depth Peeling	With Depth Peeling

How Does Depth Peeling Work?

Depth peeling transparency renders per-pixel transparency via multiple passes. At each pass, the next transparent layer is peeled and blended with previous layers. VRED peels the layers from back to front to get the correct result. Therefore, if you have three layers of glass, like for a headlight, and depth peeling is only set to two, you only see the two layers furthest from the camera. All remaining layers are not rendered.

The advantages offered by depth peeling, however, have a performance cost. Try to select the minimum number of layers to peel to fully capture the scene. For many scenes, performance can be greatly improved by enabling occlusion culling: Visualization > Rasterization Settings > Occlusion Culling.

Where Are My Transparent Materials?

Since the environment’s shadow plane is a transparent material, it is also rendered by the depth pass. Therefore, if Depth Peeling is enabled, but set to a single layer, all transparent materials in the scene will disappear whenever viewed from an angle placing the shadow plane behind them. If you run into this issue, set the number of layers to a higher value, such as 8.

When To Use Depth Peeling

When ordering will not produce the correct transparency, as in the following cases, Depth Peeling is recommended.

• When transparent geometry is self-occluding
• When two or more transparent objects intersect, where parts of one object are in front of another and other parts are behind

Transparency Settings

Opens the Transparency Settings dialog for setting the number of layers peeled. This is used in conjunction with Depth Peeling. The default number of passes (i.e., the number of layers to peel) is 8, which are performed from back to front. Use the slider to set values from 0 to 32. Note that in OpenGL a value beyond this range can be manually entered in the slider field, if needed.