The following tables provide details about the assumptions used for each building type during
energy analysis or
heating and cooling loads analysis.
These assumptions are based on ASHRAE 90.1-2010, ASHRAE 90.2-2010, ASHRAE 62.1, CBECS data, and other building surveys. The assumptions are used for the purpose of providing reasonable energy usage estimates and not for the purpose of code compliance.
Automotive facility
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Warehouse
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
15
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.8
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
27.4
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Convention center
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Assembly
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
25
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
11.6
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.3
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
3.1
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Courthouse
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
3.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
11.3
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
2.9
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Dining bar lounge or leisure
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Restaurant
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
35
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
80.6
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
80.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.7
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.5
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.7
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Dining cafeteria fast food
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Restaurant
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
50
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
80.6
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
80.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.7
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.5
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.7
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Dining family
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Restaurant
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
35
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
80.6
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
80.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.6
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.5
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
5.1
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Dormitory
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Residential
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
10
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
6.6
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Exercise center
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Retail
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
10
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
210
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
315
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.5
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
10.8
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Fire station
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Residential
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
3.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
7.6
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
16.1
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
8.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Gymnasium
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Retail
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
33.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
210.0
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
315.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
13
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Healthcare clinic
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
8
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.4
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
12.7
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
5.4
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Hospital or healthcare
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Typical 24/7
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
10
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
13.0
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
12.7
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
13
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Hotel
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Hotel/Motel
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
2.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
5.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Library
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
10
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
12.7
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
16.1
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
8.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Manufacturing
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Warehouse
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
2.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
110
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
183
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
12.0
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
9.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Motel
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Hotel/Motel
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
2.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.5
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
5.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Motion picture theatre
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Theater
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
75
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
70
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
35
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.9
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
2.7
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Multi-family
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Residential
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
2.7
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
6.5
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
1.3
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Museum
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Retail
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
33.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
70.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
11.4
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
16.1
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.6
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Office
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
4
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.7
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
14.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
2.5
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Parking garage
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Warehouse
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
2.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
2.7
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
3.2
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
5.0
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
27.4
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Penitentiary
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Residential
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
10
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.4
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.9
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Performing arts theatre
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Theater
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
75
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
70.0
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
35.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
15.0
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
5.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Police station
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
3.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.3
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
16.1
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.9
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Post office
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
3.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.4
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
8.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Religious building
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Worship
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
75
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
65.0
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
30.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
11.3
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.3
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
2.8
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Retail
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Retail
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
10.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
15.1
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
4.5
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
School or university
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
School
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
21.7
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.7
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
7.3
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Single family
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Residential
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
0.945
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
70.0
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
45.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
4.8
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
4.6
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
1.1
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Sports arena
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Assembly
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
75.0
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
70.0
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
45.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.4
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.0
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Town hall
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Office
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
33.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
9.9
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
3.1
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Transportation
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Assembly
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
50
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
70.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
8.3
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
5.4
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
4.1
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Warehouse
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Warehouse
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
1.5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
73.3
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
58.6
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
7.1
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
2.2
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
NULL
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
1.1
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|
Workshop
| Parameter
|
Value
|
|---|
| Occupancy Schedule
|
Warehouse
|
| People/100 sq. M.
|
5
|
| People Sensible Heat Gain (W/person)
|
81.0
|
| People Latent Heat Gain (W/person)
|
139.0
|
| Lighting Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
12.9
|
| Equipment Load Density (W/sq. M.)
|
10.8
|
| Infiltration Flow (ACH)
|
0.4
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Person (liters per second)
|
9.5
|
| Outside Air (ventilation air) Flow Per Area (cubic meters per hour per square meter)
|
3.7
|
| Unoccupied Cooling Set Point (C)
|
29.4
|