mr Photographic Exposure Control

The mr Photographic Exposure Control lets you modify rendered output with camera-like controls: either a general exposure value or specific shutter speed, aperture, and film speed settings. It also gives you image-control settings with values for highlights, midtones, and shadows. It’s intended for high-dynamic-range scenes rendered with the mental ray renderer, the iray renderer, or the Quicksilver hardware renderer.

• Standard menu: Set mental ray as the renderer. > Rendering menu > Environment > Environment and Effects dialog > Environment panel > Exposure Control rollout > Choose mr Photographic Exposure Control from the list. > mr Photographic Exposure Control rollout
• Enhanced menu: Set mental ray as the renderer. > Rendering menu > Environment and Effects > Environment and Exposure Settings > Environment and Effects dialog > Environment panel > Exposure Control rollout > Choose mr Photographic Exposure Control from the list. > mr Photographic Exposure Control rollout

Note: The mr Photographic Exposure Control contains a built-in gamma corrector (gamma 2.2), but this correction is disabled if the 3ds Max gamma correction is enabled on the Preferences dialog, letting the Rendered Frame Window apply the view gamma instead.

The Logarithmic exposure control also has a curve similar to a gamma correction, but unlike the Photographic exposure control, it is not designed to disable its gamma correction when overall gamma correction is on. For that reason, combining gamma correction with the Logarithmic exposure control is discouraged, whereas using it together with the Photographic exposure control is encouraged.

Tip: To see a definition of any numeric parameter on this rollout, hover the mouse cursor over the parameter’s spinner.

Exposure group

This group comprises a drop-down list of exposure presets plus a choice of Exposure Value or Photographic Exposure and associated parameters. Choosing one method makes the other’s setting or settings unavailable, but they still change based on adjustments you make to the available method. For example, when Exposure Value is active, adjusting its value also changes the Photographic Exposure Shutter Speed setting.

Preset drop-down list

Choose from the available presets based on setting and lighting conditions. The presets affect all of the remaining settings in this group.

• Exposure Value (EV) Choose this option to specify a single Exposure Value setting that corresponds to a combination of the three Photographic Exposure values (see following). Each increment or decrement in the EV value corresponds to halving or doubling, respectively, the effective exposure, as expressed in the resultant change in the Shutter Speed value. Thus, higher values yield darker images, and lower values yield brighter images.

  For example, as shown above, the combination of a shutter speed of 1/125 of a second, f/16, and ISO 100 results in an EV of 15. The same EV results from halving the shutter speed to 1/250 second and doubling the aperture size to f/11.

• Photographic Exposure Lets you set the exposure using standard camera-oriented controls. These controls affect exposure only: Shutter Speed has no effect on motion blur; Aperture doesn’t influence depth of field; and Film Speed has no effect on graininess.
  • Shutter Speed The duration, in fractions of a second, that the “shutter” is open. The higher this value, the greater the exposure.
  • Aperture The size of the opening of the “camera iris,” expressed as a ratio. The higher this value, the lower the exposure.
  • Film Speed (ISO) The sensitivity of the “camera film,” expressed as an index. The higher this value, the greater the exposure.

Image Control group

Use these controls to adjust the relative brightness or highlights, midtones, and shadows in the rendered image. The combination of these three settings is depicted in the graph on the right side of the rollout. Additional controls available here let you adjust color saturation, whitepoint, and vignetting.

Rendering with default settings (with final gathering)

Highlights (Burn)

Controls the level of the brightest areas of the image. Higher values yield brighter highlights, while lower values darken the highlights.

Darkened (burnt-in) highlights

Midtones

Controls the level of the areas of the image whose brightness lies between the highlights and the shadows. Higher values yield brighter midtones, while lower values darken the midtones.

Elevated midtones

Shadows

Controls the level of the darkest areas of the image. Lower values yield lighter shadows, while higher values darken the shadows.

Lightened shadows

Color Saturation

Controls the intensity of colors in the rendered image. Higher values result in more intense colors.

Color Saturation=2.0

Whitepoint

Specifies the main color temperature of the light sources. This is similar to white balance controls on digital cameras. For daylighting, a value of 6500 is recommended, for incandescent lighting, a value of 3700 is recommended.

For example, photographs taken indoors might be lit by incandescent lights, which are relatively orange compared to daylight. Defining "white" as daylight will give unacceptable results when attempting to color-correct a photograph taken with incandescent lighting.

Vignetting

Reduces the image brightness in the image periphery compared to the image center, resulting in a circular fully exposed area in the center, with darker edges.

Vignetting=25.0

Physical Scale group

Determines how 3ds Max calculates pixel values when outputting HDR (high-dynamic-range) images. You can use the physical scale inherent in the scene, or set an arbitrary physical scale for non-physically-based lighting situations.

• Physical Units: (cd/m2) Outputs physically correct HDR pixel values in candelas per square meter. Use this option when lighting the scene with photometric light sources.
  Tip: When you use this option, the renderer interprets all non-physical (standard) illumination values in units of cd/m ² . If you use as a background image or texture map an HDR image with pixels correctly calibrated to cd/m ² , it will be correct in the scene. However, if you attempt to use a low-dynamic-range photo such as a JPEG photo, it will appear too dark in the rendered output. (The renderer interprets a white pixel in such an image as "1 cd/m ² " by default, which is darker than the deepest dungeon.) So you need to increase the output of the image to match a useful cd/m ² value. The sky can be around 3,000 cd/m ² .
• Unitless Lets you define how the renderer interprets the illumination from standard lights, which are not physically based. Use the numeric setting to set the apparent illumination from these lights and the output pixel values based on the scene lighting. For example, with the default Physical Scale of 1500, a standard omni light is treated by the renderer as a photometric isotropic light of 1500 candelas. Physical Scale is also factored into the environment map and self-illumination.
  Note: This value does not affect apparent illumination of the rendered scene with photometric lights. However, it does affect the apparent illumination cast by non-physical (standard) lights. For predictable results, illuminate the scene only with photometric or standard lights (not a mix), and use Physical Units or Unitless, respectively.

Gamma/LUT Settings group

Gamma/LUT Settings

This group comprises text showing the status of the current Gamma/LUT settings, and a Setup button that opens the Preference Settings dialog to the Gamma and LUT panel so you can change the settings.