Deflection results

The deflection results shows the deformed representation of all surfaces of the warped part.

Analysis type

There are a number of possible variants of the deflection result, depending on the analysis you have run. The result name indicates whether a small deflection or large deflection analysis was run. If it is not indicated in the result name, then a small deflection analysis was run. Deflection results variants also exist for paddle and wire components of a Microchip Encapsulation analysis.

All effects vs warpage contributors

There are six sets of deflection results.

To create these results, run a small deflection Warp analysis and select the Isolate cause of warpage option on the Warp Settings page of the Process Settings Wizard.

All effects:

The total deflection at each node of the ejected part, including the effect of constraints if any were applied on the part.

All effects (unconstrained):

The total deflection at each node of the ejected part using automatically generated constraints. This result is created for studies in which the part is overconstrained. That is, when the manual constraints impose a forced deflection on the part.

Differential shrinkage:

The component of the total deflection (warpage) at each node attributable to differential shrinkage.

Orientation effects:

The component of the total deflection (warpage) at each node attributable to orientation.

Differential cooling:

The component of the total deflection (warpage) at each node attributable to differential cooling.

Corner effects:

The component of the total deflection (warpage) at each node attributable to corner effects.

Constraint effect:

The component of the total deflection (warpage) at each node attributable to the effect of constraints when the part is overconstrained.

Viewing the normal components

You can view Deflection, all effects:Deflection which are the total deflections at each node, or the component of the deflection along either the X, Y, or Z axis. The axis directions are determined by the defined anchor plane and are indicated in the anchor plane symbols.

The Deflection, all effects:Normal Component plot shows how much the part deviates, perpendicular to the original model surface. Positive values indicate outward deflection while negative values indicate inwards deflections of the surface.

For Midplane models, the mesh orientation defines the surface normal direction, which defines the top and bottom surfaces. The thickness attribute defines how far the two surfaces are from the midplane. In this analysis, you’ll see normal deflection in two different plots:

• Normal Component (top) - where the normal aligns with the mesh orientation
• Normal Component (bottom) - where the normal aligns in the opposite direction of the mesh orientation

If the Normal Component (top) plot moves in a positive direction, it means that the part is bending toward the top surface. If it moves in a negative direction, it means that the part is bending toward the bottom surface. At any given node on the Midplane model, the normal direction deflection results on the top and bottom surfaces have equal magnitude but opposite sign.

Using this result

The total deflection plot shows you the total predicted deformation of the part, based on the default best fit technique, or on a user-defined anchor plane.

This can be defined using the Warpage Visualization Tools.

Use the Plot Properties dialog, Deflection tab to alter the scale factor or overlay the undeformed part.

If the deflection values are small, magnify the display of the deflections, either in all axis directions or a selected direction only, using the Scale factor settings on the Deflection tab of the Plot Properties dialog. Deflection results can also be animated using the animation tools. The animation illustrates the change in shape of the part from the undeflected geometry (scale factor = 0) to the final deflected geometry using the specified scale factor. The component deflection plots are useful for assessing the amount of deformation in a specific direction.

Use the Examine Result tool to see the coordinates of selected nodes before and after deformation, and to see the distance between two successively selected nodes, before and after deformation.

A warp analysis with the Isolate cause of warpage option activated outputs not only the total deflection results but also breaks down the total deflections according to defined contributors to warpage: differential shrinkage, orientation effects, and differential cooling. Midplane and Dual Domain analyses can also display warpage due to corner effects. If the part is overconstrained, the warpage due to constraint effect is also displayed. The contributor with the largest deflection values can be regarded as the dominant cause of warpage. Having identified the dominant cause of warpage, specific measures can then be taken to attempt to reduce the overall warpage based on the particular cause.